Bethlehem Cemetery - Mass Grave Summary

Laura Sherrod - 2010



The steel industry attracted immigrants to Bethlehem, PA in early 1900s.  On 1 October 1918 the first citizen of Bethlehem, PA died of Spanish Influenza.  Poor living conditions contributed to the rapid spread of illness.  There were more dead by the end of October than the city could handle.  South Mountain at St. Michael’s Cemetery contains markers from October through November 1918.  Magnetometer and Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) surveys were performed at this location to identify possible locations for a mass grave on the site. 





There was significant noise in the magnetometer survey (above) from above surface iron fencing. 

The GPR results (left) show several locations of single burials as well as a trench feature interpreted as the result of an exhumation.  However, no feature indicative of a mass grave was identified at this site. 

Grave markers and steep topography impeded the geophysical surveys.  Dr. Higgins and Connor Messler perform the GPR survey with the 400MHz antenna.   
 
Iron fencing at the surface resulted in noisy magnetic responses. Dr. Sherrod operates the G-858 Cesium Vapor Magnetometer.  Connor Messler and Dr. Sherrod at SAGEEP 2011 in Charleston, SC.
2010 Bethlehem Cemetery - Mass Grave Archaeological Geophysics Ground Penetrating Radar
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