/*
   Name:	Christopher Walck
   Course:	cis 136 020
   Assignment:	Project 1
   Due Date:	February 6, 2003
   Description:	The following program reads the contents (a list of states
		and their attributes) of a file (States.data.txt), sorts
		the information alphabetically by the state's name, and
		prompts the user to search for a state.  If the user's 
		searchterm is found the state's name and its attribute's 
		are output to both the screen and a file names statelog.txt.
		Otherwise, a "contents not found" message if output to
		both the screen and the afore mentioned file.
*/

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

struct Date
{
	int admittMonth, admittDay, admittYear;
};

struct State
{
	string stateName, stateCapital;
	int  popRank, areaRank, admittOrder;
	Date stateDate;
	float popDensity;
	long ttlPopulation, area;
};

struct StateIndex {
	int position,size,nameLen;
};

typedef vector<StateIndex> IndexList;

//	function sorts the data input from States.data.txt from
//	the largest (that is, the string with the greatest ASCII
//	value) to the smallest.

void sortList(int ttlStates, State list[])
{
	for (int index = ttlStates - 1; index > 0; index--)
	{
		int maxIndex = index;

		for (int idx = 0; idx < index;idx++)
		
			if (list[maxIndex].stateName < list[idx].stateName)
				maxIndex = idx;
			if (maxIndex != index)
			{
				State temp;
				temp = list[maxIndex];
				list[maxIndex] = list[index];
				list[index]=temp;
		}
	}
}

// function reads one 'State' struct from the file States.data.txt

void readStatesFile(State& list, ifstream& Source)
{
	char nullToken;
	getline(Source,list.stateName);
	cout << "Name:" << sizeof(list.stateName);
	
	Source>>list.ttlPopulation;
	cout << " Pop:" << sizeof(list.ttlPopulation);
	Source>>list.popRank;
	cout << " PopRank:" << sizeof(list.popRank);
	Source>>list.popDensity;
	cout << " PopDensity:" << sizeof(list.popDensity);
	Source>>list.area;
	Source>>list.areaRank;
	Source>>list.stateDate.admittMonth;
	Source>>list.stateDate.admittDay;
	Source>>list.stateDate.admittYear;
	cout << " Date:" << sizeof(list.stateDate);
	Source>>list.admittOrder;

	Source.get(nullToken);	//used to get the blank before the stateCapital

	getline (Source, list.stateCapital);
}


//	function prints one 'State' struct to either
//	the screen or a file (see actual parameters of
//	Destination.

void printState(ostream& Destination, State& list)
{	
	Destination.setf(ios::left);
	Destination<<endl<<list.stateName<<endl;
	Destination<<setw(10)<<"Captial: "<<list.stateCapital<<endl;
	Destination<<setw(13)<<"Population(1990): ";
	Destination.unsetf(ios::left);

	Destination<<setw(9)<<list.ttlPopulation;

	Destination.setf(ios::left);
	Destination<<setw(3)<<"  Rank:";
	Destination.unsetf(ios::left);

	Destination<<setw(4)<<list.popRank;

	Destination.setf(ios::left);
	Destination<<"  Density:";
	Destination.unsetf(ios::left);


	Destination<<setw(7)<<list.popDensity<<
			" people/square mile"<<endl;
	
	Destination.setf(ios::left);
	Destination<<setw(10)<<"Area:"<<setw(7)<<list.area;
	Destination.unsetf(ios::left);

	Destination<<setw(17)<<"Rank:"<<setw(4)<<list.areaRank<<endl;

	Destination.setf(ios::left);

	Destination<<setw(10)<<"Admitted:";
	Destination.unsetf(ios::left);

	Destination<<setw(2)<<list.stateDate.admittMonth
			   <<"/"<<setw(2)<<list.stateDate.admittDay<<"/";

	Destination.setf(ios::left);
	Destination <<setw(13)<<list.stateDate.admittYear;
	Destination.unsetf(ios::left);

	Destination<<"Order:"<<setw(3)<<list.admittOrder<<endl;
	Destination.setf(ios::left);
	Destination.unsetf(ios::left);
}

//	function to print all of the states from
//	the States.data.txt file (sorted alphabetically)
void printAllStates(int ttlStates,State list[])
{
	for (int index=0; index < ttlStates; index++)
		printState(cout, list[index]);
}

// function opens a file (States90.txt) for reading.  If the file isn't
// found a message is output to the user and the program terminates
// If the file is found the function readStatesFile(States, ifstream) is
// invoked and called while not EOF and less than 50 (dimension of the
// array)

int readStatesFile(int& ttlStates, State list[])
{
	ifstream Source;
	string name="States90.txt";
	ttlStates = 0;

	Source.open(name.c_str());
	if (Source.fail())
	{ cout<<"Program cannot find "<<name<<". Check your directory.\n";
	  return (false);		
	}
	else
	
	{
		readStatesFile(list[ttlStates], Source);

		while (!Source.eof()&& ttlStates < 51)
		{
			ttlStates++;
			readStatesFile(list[ttlStates], Source);
			
		}
		Source.close();
	}
	return (true);
}

//	function prints one 'State' struct to either
//	the screen or a file in binary mode
void printBinState(ostream& Dest, State& S,StateIndex &index)
{	int bytes;
	Dest.write(S.stateName.c_str(),S.stateName.size());
	index.nameLen=S.stateName.size();
	Dest.write((char *)&S.ttlPopulation,4);
	Dest.write((char *)&S.popRank,4);
	Dest.write((char *)&S.popDensity,4);
	Dest.write((char *)&S.area,4);
	Dest.write((char *)&S.areaRank,4);
	Dest.write((char *)&S.stateDate,12);
	Dest.write((char *)&S.admittOrder,4);
	Dest.write(S.stateCapital.c_str(),S.stateCapital.size());
	index.size=index.nameLen+36+S.stateCapital.size();
	
	cerr << "Wrote " << index.size << " bytes for " << S.stateName << endl;
}

void makeBinaryFile(State list[],int items)
{	fstream binFile("states.bin",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary|ios::trunc);
	IndexList idx;
	StateIndex sIdx;
	printBinState(binFile,list[0],sIdx);
	sIdx.position=0;
	idx.push_back(sIdx);
	for (int i=1;i<50;i++) {
		printBinState(binFile,list[i],sIdx);
		sIdx.position=idx[idx.size()-1].position+idx[idx.size()-1].size;
		idx.push_back(sIdx);
	}
	cout << "State data required " << binFile.tellg() << "bytes\n";
	for (int k=0;k<50;k++)
		binFile.write((char *)&idx[k],12);
	int n=50;
	binFile.write((char *)&n,4);
}

int main()
{
	int ttlStates;
	State list[51];

	if (readStatesFile(ttlStates,list)== true)
	{
		sortList(ttlStates,list);
		printAllStates(ttlStates,list);
		makeBinaryFile(list,ttlStates);
	}
	return(0);
}