Recognize that what we store is not the same as what we encounter, due to selection and construction.
Describe how the "War of the Ghosts" story illustrates that we store only selected information, but at the same time we construct our memory using inferences to add information.
Recognize that labelling and organization affect how well we remember.
Describe the effects of labelling by using either the "Washing Clothes" experiment of Bransford and Johnson (1972) or the "droodles" experiment of Bower, Karlin, and Dueck (1975).
Describe some beneficial and detrimental effects of elaboration and making inferences when trying to remember a story.
Recognize that visual imagery can aid memory, but that visual images can be distorted by how they are labelled.
Describe the effects of verbal self-explanation and verbal overshadowing on memory.
Describe the effects of prior knowledge and prior mis-conceptions on memory.