Answers to

Chapter 7 Quiz

CIS343

 

(1-5) Identify the five requirements that memory management is intended to satisfy.

1. No process should be subject to unwanted interference from another process, whether accidental or intentional.

                   protection

 

2. Controlled access to shared areas of memory must be allowed, without compromising essential protection.

                   sharing

 

3. Since we cannot know ahead of time where in memory a program should be placed, and since a program may be moved from one memory area to another, our memory management must provide for...

                   relocation

 

4. The task of finding areas of main memory and secondary memory for a program and of moving information between the two levels of memory.

                   physical organization

 

5. Providing for the programmer useful concepts for program organization, which may or may not have exact physical parallels.

                   logical organization

 

(6-11) Identify these memory management techniques.

6. Main memory is divided into a number of equal-size frames.  Each process is divided into a number of equal-size units, of the same size as the frames.

                   simple paging

 

7. Main memory is divided into a number of static partitions at system generation time.

                   fixed partitioning

 

8. Each process is divided into a number of segments, not all of which are resident at any one point in time.

                   virtual memory segmentation

 

9. Partitions are created as needed, so that each process is loaded into a partition of exactly the same size as the process.

                   dynamic partitioning

 

10. Each process is divided into a number of segments, all of which are loaded into memory at run time, though not necessarily contiguously.

                   simple segmentation

 

11. Each process is divided into frames, some of which, though not all, are resident at run time.

                   virtual memory, paging

 

(12-17) Classify each of these memory management strategies in one of 4 categories:

        I-Y  E-Y  :: internal fragmentation - yes; external fragmentation - yes

        I-N  E-Y  :: internal fragmentation - no; external fragmentation - yes

        I-Y  E-N  :: internal fragmentation - yes; external fragmentation - no

        I-N  E-N  :: internal fragmentation - no; external fragmentation - no

12. Fixed partitioning

        I-Y  E-N

                   internal fragmentation; no external fragmentation

 

13. Dynamic partitioning

        I-N  E-Y

                   no internal fragmentation; external fragmentation

 

14. Simple paging

        I-Y  E-N

          no external fragmentation; a small amount of internal fragmentation

 

15. Simple segmentation

        I-N  E-Y

                   no internal fragmentation; some external fragmentation

 

16. Virtual memory paging

        I-Y  E-N

          no external fragmentation; a small amount of internal fragmentation

 

17. Virtual memory segmentation

        I-N  E-Y

                   no internal fragmentation

 

(18-20) Describe these terms related to relocation.

18. Relative address

An address expressed as a location relative to some known point.

 

19. Physical address

An absolute address, an actual location in main memory.

 

20. Logical address

A reference to a memory location independent of the current assignment of data to memory.

 

(21-23) Describe these terms related to paging and segmentation.

21. Frames

The equal-size chunks that memory is divided into

 

22. Pages

The equal-size chunks that a process is divided into.

 

23. Segments

The chunks that a program is divided into which are not necessarily all of the same length.

 

(24-29) Identify the memory management technique which has the following strengths (list all that apply):

24. No internal fragmentation

          dynamic partitioning

          simple paging

          virtual memory, segmentation

                  

25. Higher degree of multiprogramming

          virtual memory, paging

          virtual memory, segmentation

                  

26. Large virtual address space

          virtual memory, paging

          virtual memory, segmentation

                  

27. Protection and sharing support

          virtual memory, segmentation

                  

28. Simple to implement; little OS overhead

          fixed partitioning

                  

29. No external fragmentation

          simple paging

          virtual memory, paging        

 

(30-35) Identify the memory management technique which has the following weakness

(list all that apply):

30. Overhead of complex memory management

          virtual memory, paging

          virtual memory, segmentation

                  

31. A small amount of internal fragmentation

          simple paging

          virtual memory, paging        

                  

32. Inefficient use of memory due to internal fragmentation

          fixed partitioning

                  

33. Inefficient use of processor due to need for compaction to counter external fragmentation

          dynamic partitioning

                  

34. There is no simple relationship between logical addresses and physical addresses.

          segmentation

                  

35. Maximum number of active processes is fixed.

          fixed partitioning

                  

(36-39) Identify these terms and hardware and OS features used in support of program relocation and paging.

36. Contains the address at which a program is loaded.

          base register

                  

37. Contains the address of the last memory location allocated to the code + data.

          bounds register

                  

38. Used to check the address of a memory access against the bounds register.

          comparator

                  

39. The address at which a program is loaded

          base address

                  

40. T/F: The difference between segmentation and paging is that under segmentation the entire program is placed into contiguous memory, while in paging this may or may not be the case.

          false